TRUE/FALSE 1. A historical perspective provides a narrower way of thinking, a way of searching for patterns …

TRUE/FALSE1. A historical perspective provides a narrower way of thinking, a way of searching for patterns and determining whether they recur across time periods.( )2. Social forces refer to those aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people.( )3. Political forces are aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people.( )4. Economic forces pertain to the availability, production, and distribution of resources in a society.( )5. The early study of management as we know it today began with what is now called the technology-driven workplace.( )6. The classical perspective on management emerged during the 1800’s.( )7. The humanistic perspective contains three subfields: scientific management, bureaucratic organizations, and administrative principles.( )8. Frederick W. Taylor developed Systems Thinking and emphasized the fourteen principles of management that should guide managerial behavior.( )9. Scientific management evolved with the use of precise procedures in place of tradition and rules of thumb.( )10. A criticism of human relations management is that it ignores the social context and workers’ needs.( )11. One of the criticisms of scientific management is it did not acknowledge variance among individuals.( )12. Standardization of work and wage incentives are characteristics of behavioral science.( )13. Scientific management developed a standard method for performing each job( )14. With clear definitions of authority and responsibility, division of labor is one of the six characteristics of the ideal bureaucracy.( )15. Administrative acts and decisions recorded in writing is one of the six characteristics of the ideal bureaucracy.( )16. Fayol’s unity of command principle emphasizes that each subordinate receives orders from one, and only one superior.( )17. Unity of direction principle proposes that similar activities in an organization should be grouped together under one manager.( )18. The scalar chain is a hypothetical chain that provides horizontal links between unionized workers in different departments in an organization.( )19. Scientific management focuses on employee competence, whereas administrative principles focus on work flow through the organization.( )20. Follett and Barnard were early advocates of a more humanistic perspective on management that emphasized the importance of understanding human behavior, needs, and attitudes in the workplace as well as social interactions and group processes.( )21. Unfortunately, Mary Parker Follett’s approach to leadership stressed the importance of engineering techniques rather than people.( )22. A social group within an organization is part of the informal organization.( )23. The Hawthorne studies resulted in the movement towards scientific management.( )24. The Hawthorne studies led to the early conclusion that positive human relations can lead to significantly higher performance.( )25. The human relations movement is also referred to as the dairy farm view of management, meaning that contented cows give more milk, and satisfied workers will give more work.( )26. Theory Y proposes that organizations can take advantage of the imagination and intellect of all of their employees.( )27. According to Douglas McGregor, Theory X and Theory Y provide two opposing views of workers, where Theory X recognizes that workers enjoy achievement and responsibility, while Theory Y recognizes that workers will avoid work whenever possible.( )28. An assumption of Theory Y is that the average human being has an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if possible.( )29. The Systems Thinking approach develops theories about human behavior based on scientific methods and study.( )30. Organization development is a specific set of management techniques based in the behavioral science approach.( )