The principles of retributive justice, upon which the adversarial system of criminal justice is based, incorporate various principles.

Question 1
Describe, compare, and contrast the notions of deviance and criminality. Where is there overlap? How do these notions differ? Discuss the value consensus model and the conflict model as explanations for the origin and applications of the criminal law. Provide examples.
Question 2
The principles of retributive justice, upon which the adversarial system of criminal justice is based, incorporate various principles. Identify and explain some of these relevant principles and contrast them with the principles of restorative justice which is an alternative framework for responding to criminal offenders.
Question 3
A number of Canadian police services have taken measures to address the issue of racial profiling and the practice of street checks/carding. Describe racial profiling, different communities’ perceptions of the police, and some of the more prevalent effects on individuals being profiled. In discussing these issues, provide examples of racial profiling. Describe some of the changes that are taking place to address racial profiling in an increasingly diverse society.
Question 4
The subordinate political and economic condition of Indigenous peoples is a consequence of their colonization by Europeans and of Canadian government policies. Describe the adverse effects of colonization. Define and analyze the term “the legacy of colonization on the Indigenous Peoples of Canada” and provide a discussion on what this means and how it affects the Indigenous people of Canada.
Question 5
Define, compare, and contrast the professional model of policing with community policing. Which model do you think is more effective and why? Discuss the Peel Principles and examples from Sergeant. Henry Dyck’s presentation.
Question 6
In considering police powers in Canada, do you feel that the police have too much power or not enough power to carry out their role? Do you feel that the Charter of Rights and Freedoms provides sufficient safeguards against police abuse of power?
Question 7
Describe and discuss the Mr. Big technique. Explain how it leads to wrongful convictions.
Question 8 The documentary discusses how the Prison Industrial Complex uses the free labor of incarcerated people to fuel the production of goods for major companies and private industries like McDonalds, Boeing, Microsoft, Anderson Flooring, and even Idaho potatoes, much like the sweatshops that we denounce overseas for exploiting free labor. What role does capitalism/consumerism play in mass incarceration, and what, if anything, you think we can do as consumers to potentially impact change and help end mass incarceration?