Organisation and Employment

post has three assignments

1:Contemporary and Comparative Issues in Work, Organisation and Employment

Order Description

3000 word research proposal outline indicating scope, aims, objectives, literature review and methodology summary with an indicative plan for completion. Including reflection on learning and skills developed and proposed development possibilities

Workplace gender transitioning
Introduction
Diversity has played a big role in promoting transgender employment all over the world. People mainly harass and discriminate those around them due to the failure to understand their differences in relation to the gendered societal norms (Campos, 2015). Relevant information to support this research will be gathered from secondary sources and from reliable individuals who are transgender and have a working experience of over two years. This research proposal will analyze the issue on transgender employees at the workplace and the Human Resource role.

Background of the study
Globalization and technological advancements have made it easier to solve gender identity crisis. Technology in health care has led to the provision of relevant surgeries to change the sex and physical appearance of an individual. Globalization and diversity at workplace promote cohabitation among people from different cultural and social orientation. Many people are now coming out and identifying themselves as transgendered (Lev, 2013). Gender is the social system of distinguishing people by their designated responsibilities, characteristics, manner and selfhood which represents the cultural view on gender and sex of the human body (Evans and Williams, 2013). The gender identity of an individual corresponds with their assigned sex either male or female. The individuals whose assigned sex is not concurring with their gender identity, who change their gender expressions to fit their gender identity and those who undergo medical treatment to change their birth sex are known as transgenders (Currah, Minter, and Juang, 2006). The society’s view on gender is connected to the sex assigned to an individual at birth mainly fixed on the two choices that are male and female. Social structures put in place command that the male gender should perform certain tasks that the female gender shouldn’t and vice versa. Individuals who are transgender go contrary to the cultural and societal gender understanding.
Statement of the problem
Transgender individuals are discriminated at workplaces leading to demoralization, demotivation, and isolation. Generally, the discriminations are based on gender stereotypes. The employees are stressed and frustrated since they always try to cope with the unsupportive environment surrounding them. In most cases, they consider leaving or making right through an employment tribunal.
Aims
This study is aimed at benefiting the transgender employees cope in their workplaces. The study will inform the employees and human resource the dangers of discrimination, the relevant laws that have been put in place to protect the transgenders and how management can apply them in the workplace.

Objectives
The objectives of this study include;
i. To find out the effects of discrimination on transgender employees and the organization.
ii. To determine how the laws and regulations protecting transgender individuals are being implemented at the workplace.
iii. To examine the role of diversity on transgender employment

Literature review
Many organizations are not clear on the transgender issue, sometimes leading to the violation of human rights. According to Paludi (2012), some employers don’t allow their transgender employees to dress according to their gender identity. The transgender individuals lose the sense of personal control resulting to fear on how their workmates and supervisors would react and they end up leaving the organization. This leads to the damage of the reputation, reduced productivity, demotivation at the workplace and loss of significant labor skills, expertise and experience to the organization. The organization can lose a large sum of money to rebuilding the reputation and legal cases due to the failure to act on the discrimination and harassment cases involving the transgender workers (Paludi, 2012). Workplace discrimination can have a prolonged negative effect on the confidence levels of the transgenders’ together with the development of their careers leading to the loss of talents and some long-term effects on the general society.
Despite the many numbers of discrimination and harassment reports, the lack of federal protection discourages people from taking legal actions that could possibly lead to the law expansion (Bender-Baird, 2011). The Sex Discrimination Act 2008 terms any harassment or discrimination at the workplace on grounds of gender change as illegal though there is no specific punishment for breaking the law. The Act covers areas such as the hiring process, selection processes, the benefits employees derived from the organization and the aspect of developing the employee’s career. On April 2007, a Gender Equality Duty was enforced which highlights that it is the responsibility of the employers to control discrimination and harassment of employees (Irving, 2013). Some of the discriminations based on gender include; ignoring or refusing to associate with transgenders, addressing the individual using the old gender name or pronoun, paying too much attention to the private life and relationships of a person and propagating confidential or harmful information about a transgender individual.
Organizations employ different groups of people who work together to achieve the set goals. The support of employers on transgender employees vividly displays the employer’s commitment to equality and diversity (Sanger and Hines, 2010). The common ways employers support transgenders include; following up that the employment records of the individuals are up to date to do away with the past gender particulars, organizing frequent staff training on the importance of data protection and privacy, including transphobic bullying and harassment on the organization’s bullying and harassment policies and fast adaption to the transition by using the persons’ new particulars all the time. This benefits the organization in a variety of ways such as improvement of recruitment and retention of workers, improvement in performance and productivity,
Methodology
The details of the research will be collected and analyzed from scholarly articles and books on transgender workers in workplaces, interviews with transgender workers and finally, the formulation of a research report which will guide managers and human resource is solving the work-related issues on transgender.
Summary
Many transgenders feel there is a need to hide their identity while looking for signs that their colleagues and employers support transgenders. It is of paramount importance that the employers set a transgender support system and build a transgender-inclusive culture. Every employee should be treated equally despite their differences. Human resource should involve all workers in policy making and embrace their ideas. Fair recruitment and interviews should also be conducted and regular training of workers on issues relating to discrimination is of paramount importance to the overall growth of the organization.

References
Currah, P., Juang, R. M. and Minter, S., 2006. Transgender rights. U of Minnesota Press.
Evans, M. and Williams, C., 2013. Gender: the key concepts. Routledge key guides. Routledge.
Irving, C., 2013. Changing for the better. How to include transgender people in your workplace, a guide for forward-thinking employers: An International Journal. Retrieved from:
https://www.gires.org.uk/assets/Workplace/changing_for_the_better.pdf
Paludi, M.A., 2012. Managing Diversity in Today’s Workplace: Strategies for Employees and Employers [4 volumes]. ABC-CLIO.
Hines, S. and Sanger, T., 2010. Transgender identities: Towards a social analysis of gender diversity. Routledge.
Campos, L.F., 2015. Trans Bodies, Trans Selves: A Resource for the Transgender Community by Laura Erickson-Schroth (Hrsg.) (2014). Critical Reviews on Latin American Research-COLAR, 4(1).
Bender-Baird, K., 2011. Transgender employment experiences: Gendered perceptions and the law. SUNY Press.
Lev, A. I., 2013. Transgender emergence: Therapeutic guidelines for working with gender- variant people and their families. Routledge.

2: Local Control In Texas

Order Description

Read https://www.texasvox.org/tag/local-control/ (this is a pro-local control Texas Interest Group. Read their page, and see what they believe). Http://www.tribtalk.org/2015/03/12/liberty-trumps-local-control/( this is an op-ed by Rep. Matt Rinaldi, on why state control over local ordinances upholds liberty). Discuss the issues of Local Control from both sides. What are the arguments for and against local control? Is it hypocritical for the state government to impose its will on the policies? Choose one issue below, and explore how local control has been handled by state government. 1. Fracking.
2. Sanctuary Cities. 3. Zoning 4. Red Light Cameras. 5. Plastic Bags . This assignment must follow MLA guidelines be typed in Times New Roman 12 font and double space and include the proper header and page title as well as in-text citations.

3: Entrepreneurship and Innovation

Order Description

Article analysis:
https://www.inc.com/magazine/20080601/the-customer-is-the-company.html

For the article, you should provide:

a summary of the article or case study and brief discussion of the main points
a discussion of how the case study is relevant to entrepreneurship and innovation and the relevant topics (the crowd, ecosystems)
an explanation of how the option/solution addresses the organisation’s issue detailed within the article/case, and to what extent
an evaluation of any limitations or gaps in the information provided within the article or case study, supported by evidence from other research.
Assessment criteria

1. Analysis of articles/cases.
2. Evaluation of options to address business problems.
3. Synthesis and cohesion.
4. Presentation: Structure, grammar, language and referencing.

Entrepreneurship and Innovation