Collectivism and Individualism

post has two assignments

The concepts of individualism and collectivism, introduced in Week 1, are important terms to keep in mind when studying human development and socialization. As a reminder, individualist cultures prioritize concern for self or immediate family. Collectivist cultures are more oriented to the larger community group and emphasize traditions. Both types of cultures have many more characteristics, and any given culture does not necessarily belong exclusively in one category.
As you might expect, parenting styles and expectations for family members in individualist cultures are often different from those in collectivist cultures. For this Assignment, you will analyze collectivism and individualism as it applies to parenting styles.
To prepare:
• Review Chapter 8 in your course text. Pay particular attention to the sections on norms, customs, and child care; parental values and expectations; and late adulthood.
• Review the concepts of individualism and collectivism from Chapter 1 of the course text. Also, review the Week 4 media piece in the Learning Resources.
• Consider this scenario: Imagine you are watching a reality television show in which two sets of parents trade places and take their same roles in the other family. Keep these details in mind:
• One family is characterized as coming from a collectivist culture,
• The other family is characterized as coming from an individualist culture.
• Each family has one 1-year-old, one 8-year-old, one 14-year-old, and two grandparents living in the household (Tip A4-1).
• In trading places, each set of parents must interact with the grandparents in the new household and parent the children in the new household.
• Consider what the outcomes would be in each household based on the differences between collectivist cultures and individualist cultures.
Submit by Day 7 of Week 4 a 2- to 3-page paper in which you do the following:
• Explain the differences in parenting style of “collectivist” and “individualist” parents (Tip A4-2).
• Describe how each couple would differ in their expectations of each of the children in their “new” household.
• In light of the differing styles and expectations, analyze points of conflict that would arise with the children when the parents swapped households and why (i.e., how the collectivist parents would respond to each of the individualist children, and how the individualist parents would react to each of the collectivist children).
• Compare the grandparents’ role in the collectivist family to the grandparents’ role in the individualist family.
• Analyze conflicts that the grandparents’ roles could cause when the parents swapped households and how the “new” mother and father might wish to change the existing roles (Tip A4-3).
• Describe how you think the show would end. Will anyone (i.e., parents, children, grandparents, or people watching the show) learn something from the experience? (Tip A4-4)
• Is it possible to change cultural values? Explain your ideas and your reasoning (Tip A4-5).

2: French company “Total SA”

Order Description

Prepare an analysis of the organization’s internal strengths and weaknesses in Section I of this chapter while Section II will offer an analysis of the opportunities and threats associated with the organization’s external environment. This discussion of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats will form the basis of a SWOT analysis for the organization. Finally, Section III of this chapter will offer an evaluation of the SWOT analysis. You will reference this analysis again in Chapter 5 when formulating recommendations for the organization. While conducting this analysis, recall the Hill & Jones

advice on how to proceed:
• Remember that the SWOT analysis is the key to a solution
• Balance strengths/weaknesses against opportunities/threats
• Based on the overall balance, include your evaluation of the company’s positive or negative position
• Determine, in this evaluation, if the company can remain profitable
• Further evaluate whether it can it turn its weaknesses to strengths & threats to opportunities
You should again refer to “A SWOT Checklist” (Table 1 in Appendix C4, Hill & Jones) to help in preparing a comprehensive SWOT analysis in this section. Include references to business concepts and theories learned in the BAS program.

Your analysis will consider the following factors:
• Planning
• Organizing
• Leading
• Controlling
• Porter’s Five Forces Model
• Macro-environment forces
To streamline the preparation of the SWOT analysis, you may regard any Leadership or Control problem as an internal weakness. On the other hand, Planning or Organizing problems may relate to either an internal weakness or an external threat. For example, a company may be aware of its external threats but it could fail to upgrade its planning function or avoid a needed reorganization. You may evaluate this “failure” to address a known external threat as an internal weakness. If you see evidence of internal problems due to a failure to address the external environment, be sure to discuss them later in Section II (the external analysis portion) of this chapter.
To simplify further, you will focus on one primary weakness or threat while offering only a cursory review of the other elements in this SWOT analysis. For example, your research question and hypothesis might point to a problem with leadership (an internal weakness) so you aimed the majority of your literature review at leadership issues. Here, you will assign a negative evaluation to the leadership component and focus much of your SWOT analysis on this primary internal weakness.

the other components (planning, controlling, organizing and external issues) while offering only a brief (perhaps one paragraph each) discussion for them.
Finally, SWOT analysis discussions (particularly those focused on the thesis) should again include brief references to the theories or concepts learned throughout the BAS program. Refer to the resource guide entitled Theories & Concepts Associated with Learning Outcomes (provided with this course) for assistance in recalling or categorizing this information.
Details for Section I–Internal Weaknesses and Strengths: In preparing this section, you will outline the four major elements of the management process and demonstrate how each function is related to a strength or weakness in the company. For this first section specifically, you will outline evidence for problems (weaknesses) or strong points (strengths) in the following components.
• Leading: If leadership is the primary internal weakness identified in the thesis, focus much of the SWOT analysis on this section. If not, a brief discussion with a “positive” evaluation is appropriate here. Include observations, comparisons, and contrasts of at least two leaders in the organization—perhaps executives or lower-level managers. You should:
o Examinetraits,skillsbehaviorsandeffectiveness
o Exploremotivationaleffectiveness
o Evaluate communication effectiveness (upward and downward)
o Comparetheirsituationalleadershipandempowermentstrategies
o Include any emotional intelligence or gender-related leadership traits if
appropriate
The discussion should assess each component for each leader either positively (as a strength) or negatively (as a weaknesses)
• Controlling: If organizational control is the primary internal weakness identified in the thesis, then focus much of the SWOT analysis on this section. If not, a brief discussion with a “positive” evaluation is appropriate here. At a minimum, the organizational control discussion should:
o Youdiscussedfinancialdocuments(IncomeStatementsandBalanceSheets)in Chapter 3. If you have decided that Organizational Control is the primary internal weakness, then simply mention that information from your Chapter 3 analysis and add a few standard stability measures and/or financial ratios here. Refer to pages C8 to C12 in the Case Study section of the Hill and Jones text to assist in this analysis.
o Examineproductivitycontrolsinplace
o EvaluatequalitypracticessuchasTQM,6-Sigma,ISO,orothersystems
o Investigate the type and effectiveness of the organization’s information
technology
o The discussion should assess each component of organizational control either
positively (as a strength) or negatively (as a weaknesses).
• Planning: If planning is the primary internal weakness causing a failure to address external threats (as identified in the thesis), then focus much of the SWOT analysis on this section. If not, a brief discussion with a “positive” evaluation is appropriate here. At a minimum, review the short-term and long-term planning processes to
o Determine if the organization has planning in place for the current and future competitive environment

o Evaluate the planning process for weaknesses in addressing industry environment changes political or legal forces, changing ethical and environmental requirements, or technological forces and changes
o As mentioned previously, you may be able to relate some of these internal weaknesses to the company’s failure to address (plan for) its external threats or opportunities, so mention this issue again with respect to the organization’s threats in Section II. The discussion should assess each planning component positively (as a strength) or negatively (as a weaknesses).
• Organizing: If organizing is the primary internal weakness associated with a failure to address external threats (as identified in the thesis), then focus much of the SWOT analysis on this section. If not, a brief discussion with a “positive” evaluation is appropriate here. At a minimum, analyze various aspects of the company’s organization. Elements include the following:
o Examine the overall organizational design (functional, divisional, matrix, product, etc.) to determine if the chosen system is creating problems.
o Analyzeanyissuessurroundingjobdesignordescriptions
o Investigate any human resource factors such a salary and wage scale issues or
collective bargaining concerns
o Evaluate any issues with organizational culture, especially with respect to
flexibility for future necessity to change.
As mentioned previously, you may be able to interpret some internal organizational weaknesses as a failure to address (that is, re-organize for) external threats or opportunities. For example, perhaps the company has failed to circumvent a threat because it overlooked an opportunity to integrate vertically or horizontally to gain an advantage. If you suspect this to be the case, mention the issue again with respect to the threats in Section II. The discussion should assess each organizational component positively (as a strength) or negatively (as a weaknesses).
Section II–External Opportunities and Threats: After considering the above internal components, you will concentrate on the challenges inherent in the external environment. If these threats represent the primary concerns confronting the organization (as identified in the thesis), then focus much of the SWOT analysis on this section. If not, a brief discussion with a “positive” evaluation is appropriate here. At a minimum, incorporate the following concepts outlined in the Hill & Jones text:
• Consider “Porter’s Five Forces Model” including o Bargainingpowerofsuppliers
o Riskofentrybypotentialcompetitors
o Bargainingpowerofbuyers
o Threatofsubstitutes
o Intensityofrivalryamongcompetitivefirms
• Consider the role of the macro-environment forces and how each factor is relevant
o Globalforces
o Demographicforces
o Political & legal forces including changing ethical and environmental
requirements
o Technologicalforcesandchanges o Social forces

French company